latissimus dorsi
back muscle that extends from the spine around to the chest that extends and adducts the upper arm
The latissimus dorsi (often referred to as the “lats”) is a large muscle that occupies a significant portion of the posterior trunk. It originates from the spinous processes of the lower thoracic vertebrae, the lumbar vertebrae, and the sacrum, as well as the posterior part of the iliac crest and the thoracolumbar fascia. The muscle fibers then travel upwards, converging towards the armpit, where the muscle inserts on the humerus bone of the arm.
The main function of the latissimus dorsi muscle is to bring the arm down towards the body (shoulder extension), as well as internally rotate the shoulder joint when the arm is by the side of the body. Additionally, this muscle is involved in other arm movements such as adduction (bringing the arm towards the midline of the body), horizontal abduction (moving the arm away from the midline of the body), and medial rotation (rotating the arm inwards towards the midline of the body).
Strengthening exercises for the latissimus dorsi muscles can include pull-ups, lat pull-downs, bent-over rows, and barbell pullovers. These exercises can be done using a variety of equipment such as free weights, resistance bands, and machines, and can be modified to suit individual fitness levels and abilities. It is important to consult with a qualified fitness professional to ensure proper form and technique when performing these exercises to prevent injury.
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