stratum granulosum
a layer of the epidermis that marks the transition between the deeper, metabolically active strata and the dead cells of the more superficial strata
The stratum granulosum is a layer of the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. It lies just above the stratum spinosum and below the stratum corneum. The stratum granulosum is composed of flattened, granular cells that are filled with keratohyalin granules and lipids.
Keratohyalin granules contain a protein called filaggrin that acts as a scaffolding to form keratin, a fibrous protein that provides strength and stability to the skin. The lipids within the cells of the stratum granulosum are also important in forming a waterproof barrier to protect the skin from external factors, such as water loss and harmful agents that cause skin damage.
The cells in the stratum granulosum are characterized by a process called cornification, which involves the formation of a dense, flattened layer of cells that are filled with keratin and other structural proteins. During this process, the cells lose their nuclei and other organelles, which have been replaced by keratin fibers. This layer of cells creates a tough, durable barrier that helps protect the skin from abrasion and injury.
In summary, the stratum granulosum is a crucial layer of the skin that plays a critical role in providing strength, stability, and protection to the skin. It contains keratohyalin granules and lipids that are essential for cornification and the formation of a waterproof barrier.
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