epidermis
the superficial, thinner layer of skin, composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin. It is composed of several layers, including the stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, and stratum spinosum. The main function of the epidermis is to provide a protective barrier against environmental factors such as UV radiation, chemicals, and pathogens.
The cells in the epidermis undergo constant turnover, with new cells being generated in the basal layer and then pushed to the surface where they eventually shed. This process is aided by the production of a protein called keratin, which forms a tough, protective layer on the surface of the skin.
The epidermis also contains specialized cells called melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin. Melanin helps to protect the skin from UV radiation and gives us our skin color. Individuals with darker skin have more melanin than those with lighter skin.
Overall, the epidermis plays a critical role in protecting the body against external threats and maintaining the health and integrity of the skin.
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