Trapezius
Elevates, depresses, retracts, and rotates the scapula; rotates the arm
The trapezius muscle is a large, triangular-shaped muscle located in the upper back and neck region. It is named after its trapezoid-like shape. The muscle is broad at the top and narrow at the bottom.
The trapezius muscle has three main sections – the upper, middle, and lower fibers. Each section has its own set of functions. The upper fibers are involved in elevating the shoulder blades, the middle fibers help with retracting the shoulder blades, and the lower fibers assist in depression and adduction of the shoulder blades.
The trapezius muscle is responsible for several movements of the shoulders and neck, including:
1. Shoulder shrugs
2. Shoulder blade retraction
3. Head and neck extension
4. Head and neck rotation
The muscle can become tight and painful due to poor posture, stress, or overuse. Exercises such as shrugs, rows, and shoulder blade retractions can help to strengthen and stretch the trapezius muscle. Massage and stretching can also help to relieve tension and pain in the muscle.
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