atrophy
literally means a lack of nourishment
Atrophy is a medical term used to describe a decrease in the size or function of an organ, tissue, or muscle. This is usually due to a decrease in the number or size of the cells that make up the affected area. Atrophy can occur in any part of the body, including the brain, heart, muscles, bones, skin, and other tissue.
There are two main types of atrophy: disuse atrophy and neurogenic atrophy. Disuse atrophy occurs when a muscle or tissue is not used for an extended period of time. For example, if you break your arm and are unable to use it for a few weeks, the muscles in that arm may start to atrophy. Neurogenic atrophy occurs when there is damage to the nerves that control a muscle or tissue. This can be caused by conditions such as spinal cord injuries, stroke, or peripheral neuropathy.
Atrophy can also be caused by a variety of other factors, including aging, malnutrition, cancer, and hormonal imbalances. Some medications, such as corticosteroids, can also cause atrophy.
Treatment for atrophy depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, atrophy may be reversible if the underlying condition is treated. In other cases, physical therapy or exercises to strengthen the affected area may be helpful. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or replace damaged tissue.
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