Filters waste from the blood like urea, water, salt and proteins.
The organ responsible for filtering waste from the blood, including urea, water, salt, and proteins, is the kidney
The organ responsible for filtering waste from the blood, including urea, water, salt, and proteins, is the kidney. The kidneys are vital organs that play a major role in maintaining the body’s internal environment by regulating water and electrolyte levels, pH balance, and removing waste products from the blood.
The kidneys filter the blood through millions of tiny units called nephrons. Each nephron consists of a glomerulus and a tubule. The glomerulus acts as a filtration unit, allowing small molecules like water, urea, salt, and proteins to pass through while preventing larger molecules, such as blood cells and large proteins, from being filtered. This selective filtration process is possible due to the composition of the glomerular filtration membrane.
After the initial filtration in the glomerulus, the filtered fluid, known as the filtrate, moves into the tubules where various processes take place to either reabsorb or eliminate specific substances. The tubules have microscopic structures and epithelial cells that actively reabsorb vital molecules like water, electrolytes, and glucose back into the bloodstream. At the same time, waste products such as urea, excess salts, and some toxins remain in the tubules to be excreted as urine.
In addition to waste filtration, the kidneys also play a crucial role in maintaining a balance of electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate, in the blood. Through processes of reabsorption and secretion in the tubules, the kidneys regulate the levels of these electrolytes, ensuring they are within a narrow range necessary for optimal bodily functions.
Overall, the kidneys act as efficient waste removers by filtering waste products from the blood and excreting them as urine. Their role in maintaining water and electrolyte balance is essential for maintaining overall homeostasis in the body.
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