epidermis
outermost layer of clear cells that protect the inside of the leaf
The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin in vertebrates, including humans. It is composed of multiple layers of flattened cells called keratinocytes, which produce a protein called keratin. Keratin provides toughness and protection to the skin. The epidermis acts as a barrier against harmful external factors, such as UV radiation, bacteria, and chemicals, and helps to regulate water loss from the body.
In addition to keratinocytes, the epidermis also contains specialized cells, such as melanocytes, which produce pigment to protect the skin from UV radiation, and Langerhans cells, which play an important role in immune response by detecting and presenting foreign substances to immune cells.
The epidermis is avascular, which means it does not contain blood vessels. Nutrients and oxygen are obtained from the underlying layer of skin, the dermis, through diffusion. The shedding of dead skin cells from the epidermis is a natural process and is important for maintaining healthy skin.
More Answers:
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