Pylorus
RUQ
Pylorus is a part of the digestive system that connects the stomach to the small intestine. It is considered as the last part of the stomach, and it controls the release of partially digested food into the small intestine.
The pylorus is cylindrical in shape and has a thick ring of muscles called the pyloric sphincter. The pyloric sphincter controls the release of food from the stomach and regulates the flow of stomach contents into the small intestine. This sphincter also prevents the backflow of small intestine contents into the stomach.
The pylorus contains special cells called G-cells, which produce the hormone gastrin. Gastrin stimulates the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, which aids in the digestion of food. The release of gastrin is regulated by the pH level of the stomach, and it is inhibited when the pH level becomes too acidic.
Diseases of the pylorus include pyloric stenosis, which is a narrowing of the pyloric sphincter that causes blockage of food from entering the small intestine. Pyloric stenosis is most commonly seen in infants and requires surgery for treatment.
In summary, the pylorus is an essential part of the digestive system that regulates the flow of partially digested food from the stomach into the small intestine. It contains the pyloric sphincter, G-cells, and plays a crucial role in digestion.
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