photoreceptors
light
Photoreceptors are the specialized cells found in the retina of the eye that are responsible for detecting and transmitting light signals to the brain. There are two types of photoreceptor cells in the retina: rods and cones.
Rods are more numerous than cones and are responsible for detecting motion and providing vision in low-light conditions (such as at night). They are highly sensitive to light and do not detect color. Cones, on the other hand, are responsible for color vision and visual acuity. They work best in bright light conditions and are less sensitive to light than rods.
Each photoreceptor cell contains a light-sensitive pigment molecule called a photopigment that is responsive to different wavelengths of light. When light strikes the photopigment, it undergoes a chemical change that generates an electrical signal, which is transmitted to other cells in the retina and ultimately to the brain. This process is known as phototransduction.
Overall, photoreceptors play a critical role in the process of vision, allowing us to see and perceive the world around us.
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