osteoclasts
break down bone
Osteoclasts are specialized cells that are responsible for the breakdown and resorption of bone tissue. These cells are derived from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow and are multinucleated cells that are capable of forming a tight seal against the bone surface.
Osteoclasts play an essential role in the maintenance of bone health and the regulation of bone metabolism. They are responsible for breaking down old or damaged bone tissue to make way for new bone growth. This process is critical for the repair of injuries and the maintenance of bone strength throughout life.
Osteoclasts are activated by a variety of signaling molecules, including parathyroid hormone, cytokines, and growth factors. Once activated, they move to the surface of the bone and begin to break down the mineralized matrix using special enzymes and acidic secretions.
While osteoclast activity is essential for bone health, certain conditions can lead to excessive osteoclast activity, resulting in bone loss and increased fracture risk. These conditions include osteoporosis, hyperparathyroidism, and some types of cancer. In these cases, medications such as bisphosphonates or hormone therapies may be used to inhibit osteoclast activity and protect bone health.
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