Importance of Articular Cartilage for Joint Health: Functions, Structure, and Maintenance

articular cartilage

covers ends of long bones; decreases frictionhyaline cartilage (connective tissue)

Articular cartilage is a type of cartilage that covers the bony surface within a joint. It can be found in various areas of the body, such as the knee, hip, shoulder, and ankle, and serves to reduce friction and protect the bones from wear and tear during movement.

The articular cartilage is smooth and slippery, allowing the bones to glide smoothly over each other during joint movement. It is composed of cells called chondrocytes, which produce a dense matrix of type II collagen, proteoglycans, and water. This matrix gives the articular cartilage its characteristic properties and is responsible for its ability to absorb shock and distribute load evenly across the joint.

The articular cartilage is essential for proper joint function, and damage to this tissue can lead to joint pain, stiffness, and arthritis. It is important to maintain the health of this cartilage through regular exercise, a healthy diet, and avoiding activities that put excessive stress on the joints. In cases of severe damage to the articular cartilage, surgery or other medical interventions may be necessary to restore joint function and help reduce pain and inflammation.

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