representative sample
subset of the population that has the same characteristics as the population of interest
A representative sample is a subset of the population that accurately represents the characteristics and traits of the larger population. This type of sample is important in research because it ensures that findings obtained from the sample can be generalized to the larger population.
To create a representative sample, researchers typically use random sampling techniques to select participants. This involves selecting individuals from the population at random, with each person having an equal chance of being included in the sample.
To ensure that the sample is truly representative, researchers may also stratify the sample. This involves dividing the population into subgroups based on specific characteristics such as age, gender, or socioeconomic status, and then selecting individuals from each subgroup in proportion to their representation in the overall population.
By creating a representative sample, researchers can increase the external validity of their research findings, which means that the results can be generalized to the larger population with greater confidence.
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