simple random sample
a sample where each individual in the population has an equal chance of being chosen
A simple random sample is a statistical tool used to obtain a sample of individuals or objects from a larger population. In a simple random sample, each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample, and the selection of one individual does not affect the probability of selecting another.
To conduct a simple random sample, you must first identify your population of interest. For example, if you were interested in studying the opinions of all college students in the United States, your population would be all college students in the United States.
Next, you would need to obtain a complete list of all the individuals in the population. This list is known as the sampling frame. In our example, the sampling frame could be a list of all colleges in the United States and their student populations.
Using a randomization method, such as pulling names out of a hat or using a random number generator, you would select a sample of individuals from the sampling frame. The sample size should be large enough to accurately represent the population but small enough to be manageable. Typically, a sample size between 30 and 500 is sufficient.
By selecting a simple random sample, you ensure that every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample, thus reducing potential biases that may arise from non-random sampling methods.
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