is/are a subset of the population that is being studied.
sample
In research, a subset of the population that is being studied is called a sample. Samples are used in research because it is often impractical or impossible to study an entire population. Therefore, the researcher will select a smaller group (the sample) that is representative of the population in order to draw conclusions about the population as a whole. The sample size and selection process is important in order to ensure that the findings of the research can be reliably and accurately generalized back to the larger population.
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