Right triangle
a triangle with one right angle
A right triangle is a triangle with one of its interior angles measuring 90 degrees. The side opposite the right angle is known as the hypotenuse, while the other two sides are the legs. The legs are often labeled as a and b, and the hypotenuse as c, with c being the longest side.
The Pythagorean theorem is a fundamental concept in right triangles. It states that the sum of the squares of the two legs is equal to the square of the hypotenuse, or a^2 + b^2 = c^2. This theorem can be used to find the length of any side of a right triangle, given the lengths of the other two sides.
The trigonometric functions of sine, cosine, and tangent are also commonly used in right triangles. These functions relate the ratios of the sides to the angles. For example, sine is the ratio of the side opposite an angle to the hypotenuse, cosine is the ratio of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse, and tangent is the ratio of the opposite side to the adjacent side.
Right triangles have many practical applications in fields such as architecture, engineering, and physics. They are used to calculate distances and heights, as well as to determine angles and velocities.
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