How To Solve An Integral Using U-Substitution In Calculus: Step-By-Step Guide With Examples

∫csc(x)dx

-lnIcsc(x)+cot(x)I+c

We can solve this integral using u-substitution.

Let u = sin(x), then du/dx = cos(x) and dx = du/cos(x).

Substituting this into the integral:

∫csc(x)dx = ∫csc(x)(cos(x)/cos(x))dx

= ∫(1/u)(du/dx)dx

= ∫du/u

= ln|u| + C

Now, substituting back in for u:

ln|sin(x)| + C

So, the final answer is ln|sin(x)| + C, where C is the constant of integration.

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