○ process where normal cell turns into a cancer cell○ occurs when genes regulating cell growth & division mutates (cancer-critical genes)
The process by which a normal cell transforms into a cancer cell is known as carcinogenesis
The process by which a normal cell transforms into a cancer cell is known as carcinogenesis. It is a complex and multi-step process that involves genetic changes or mutations in the genes responsible for regulating cell growth and division. These genes are often referred to as cancer-critical genes or oncogenes.
The development of cancer can be attributed to various factors such as exposure to certain chemicals or substances, radiation, viruses, and genetic predisposition. However, the ultimate trigger for cancer development is the occurrence of genetic mutations.
In a normal cell, there are several mechanisms in place to regulate cell growth and prevent uncontrolled division. However, when certain genes within the cell’s DNA become mutated, they can disrupt these regulatory mechanisms. These mutated genes can either be oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes.
Oncogenes are genes that promote cell growth and division. They typically become mutated or altered in a way that causes them to become overactive or “stuck on.” This results in the continuous production of growth signals, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation and the formation of a tumor.
On the other hand, tumor suppressor genes are responsible for inhibiting cell growth and division or promoting cell death when necessary. When these genes become mutated, their function is impaired, and they are no longer able to prevent abnormal cell growth or fix DNA damage. Consequently, cells with damaged DNA can accumulate, leading to the development of a tumor.
Moreover, genetic mutations in other genes involved in DNA repair or cell cycle regulation can also contribute to the development of cancer. These mutations can further disrupt the balance between cell division and cell death, promoting the survival and proliferation of cancer cells.
It is important to understand that the process of carcinogenesis is not a single event but rather a series of cumulative genetic alterations that accumulate over time. The accumulation of multiple mutations in different genes increases the likelihood that a normal cell will progress towards a cancerous state.
In conclusion, the transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell occurs when genes responsible for regulating cell growth and division undergo mutations. These mutations can affect oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, or other genes involved in maintaining the integrity of the cell’s DNA. The accumulated genetic alterations disrupt the normal control mechanisms, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and division, ultimately resulting in the development of cancer.
More Answers:
The Role of Mutated Proto-Oncogenes in Cancer Development and Progression: Insights for Targeted TherapiesGenes that Promote Cell Growth and Division: An In-depth Look at Key Players and their Functions
Unraveling the Role of Proto-Oncogenes and Tumor-Suppressor Genes in Cancer Development: Insights into Mutations and Implications for Targeted Therapies