Common Names for Aldehydes: A Guide to the Organic Compounds Containing -CHO Functional Group

Common Names of Aldehydes

Aldehydes are a class of organic compounds that contain the functional group -CHO (a carbonyl group), attached to a carbon atom

Aldehydes are a class of organic compounds that contain the functional group -CHO (a carbonyl group), attached to a carbon atom. They are named using the IUPAC system, which uses systematic names based on the parent hydrocarbon and the presence of the aldehyde group. However, some aldehydes are also known by common names, especially those that have been used historically or have unique properties. Here are some common names of aldehydes:

1. Formaldehyde: Commonly known as formalin, this is the simplest aldehyde and is represented by the formula HCHO.

2. Acetaldehyde: Also known as ethanal, this is an aldehyde with the formula CH3CHO. It is responsible for the smell and taste of rotten fruits.

3. Propionaldehyde: Commonly called propanal, it is an aldehyde with the formula CH3CH2CHO. It has a pungent odor and is used in the production of pharmaceuticals and fragrances.

4. Butyraldehyde: Known as butanal, it is an aldehyde with the formula CH3(CH2)2CHO. It is used as a flavoring agent and in the production of polymers and resins.

5. Benzaldehyde: This aldehyde has a benzene ring attached to the aldehyde group. Its systematic name is benzenecarbaldehyde, but it is commonly known as benzaldehyde. It has a strong almond-like odor and is used in the production of perfumes and flavorings.

6. Cinnamaldehyde: This aldehyde is responsible for the characteristic flavor and scent of cinnamon. Its systematic name is (E)-3-phenylprop-2-enal, but it is commonly known as cinnamaldehyde.

These are just a few examples of common names for aldehydes. It is important to note that the IUPAC system provides a standardized and systematic way of nomenclature, ensuring clarity and consistency in chemical names.

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