Understanding Visceral Larva Migrans (VLM) and Ocular Larva Migrans (OLM) caused by Roundworms

VISCERAL LARVA MIGRANS (VLM) and OCULAR LARVA MIGRANS (OLM) are caused by accidental ingestion ofeggs of:A. Ancylostoma braziliense, Ancylostoma caninumB. Toxocara cati, Tocara canis

VISCERAL LARVA MIGRANS (VLM) and OCULAR LARVA MIGRANS (OLM) are both parasitic infections caused by the accidental ingestion of eggs from certain species of roundworms, particularly Ancylostoma braziliense and Toxocara canis

VISCERAL LARVA MIGRANS (VLM) and OCULAR LARVA MIGRANS (OLM) are both parasitic infections caused by the accidental ingestion of eggs from certain species of roundworms, particularly Ancylostoma braziliense and Toxocara canis. It’s important to note that Ancylostoma caninum and Toxocara cati are typically associated with other types of infections and not specifically VLM and OLM.

Ancylostoma braziliense is a common hookworm found in dogs, cats, and other animals. The eggs of Ancylostoma braziliense are usually found in the soil and are shed in the feces of infected animals. Humans can become infected with the larvae by coming into contact with contaminated soil or sand and accidentally ingesting the eggs. Once ingested, the eggs hatch into larvae in the human gastrointestinal tract and can migrate to different organs, leading to VLM.

Toxocara canis is a roundworm commonly found in dogs. The eggs of Toxocara canis are also shed in the feces of infected animals and can contaminate the soil. Humans can become infected with Toxocara canis by ingesting these eggs, usually through contaminated soil or by unwashed hands. Once ingested, the eggs hatch into larvae that can migrate to various tissues in the body, including the eyes, causing OLM.

VLM and OLM are both characterized by the migration of the larvae through different organs, leading to various symptoms and complications. In VLM, the larvae can migrate to the liver, lungs, heart, brain, and other organs, causing symptoms like fever, cough, breathing difficulties, abdominal pain, enlarged liver, and inflammation of different organs. OLM, on the other hand, involves the migration of larvae to the eyes, causing symptoms such as redness, inflammation, blurred vision, and even permanent vision loss.

It is important to note that VLM and OLM are rare but serious conditions. If you suspect you might be infected, it is important to seek medical attention promptly. A healthcare professional can diagnose the infection through a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and serological tests. Treatment usually involves antiparasitic medications to kill the larvae and manage the associated symptoms. Additionally, preventive measures like practicing good hygiene, including proper handwashing and avoiding contact with contaminated soil or sand, can help reduce the risk of infection.

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