a nitrogen base in DNA that pairs with guanine
In DNA, the nitrogen base that pairs with guanine is called cytosine
In DNA, the nitrogen base that pairs with guanine is called cytosine. DNA is made up of four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). These bases form complementary pairs, with adenine always pairing with thymine, and guanine always pairing with cytosine. This is known as base pairing.
Base pairing is critical for DNA replication and transcription, as it allows for accurate copying and reading of the genetic information encoded in the DNA molecule. The pairing of cytosine with guanine is achieved through hydrogen bonding. Specifically, cytosine forms three hydrogen bonds with guanine, resulting in a stable and specific pairing.
The complementary base pairing between cytosine and guanine is important for maintaining the double-stranded structure of DNA. The two strands of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases, forming the famous double helix structure. These base pairs provide stability and protection to the genetic information stored within the DNA molecule.
Understanding the pairing rules of DNA bases, like cytosine with guanine, is crucial for various areas of biology and genetics. It allows scientists to decipher and manipulate DNA sequences, enables the development of techniques like PCR (polymerase chain reaction) for DNA amplification, and facilitates the study of genetics, gene expression, and the inheritance of traits.
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Understanding the Role of Thymine in DNA: A Key Component for Replication and Genetic Stability