name the bone parts that make up the sternum
The sternum, also known as the breastbone, consists of three main parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process
The sternum, also known as the breastbone, consists of three main parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process.
1. Manubrium: The manubrium is the broad, topmost part of the sternum. It is shaped like a trapezoid and is the largest component of the sternum. The manubrium articulates with the clavicles (collarbones) laterally, forming the sternoclavicular joints.
2. Body: The body of the sternum, also called the gladiolus, is the long and flat middle part. It is connected to the manubrium above and the xiphoid process below. The body of the sternum consists of several segments known as sternebrae, which fuse together during development.
3. Xiphoid Process: The xiphoid process is the smallest and lowest part of the sternum. It is located at the bottom of the sternum and resembles a small, pointed projection. The xiphoid process is made of cartilage during childhood and eventually ossifies and becomes bony in adulthood.
These three parts of the sternum together form a vertically oriented bone structure in the anterior midline of the chest. The sternum serves as an attachment site for the ribs and helps protect the underlying vital organs such as the heart and major blood vessels.
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