Naming cyclic Aldehydes
When naming cyclic aldehydes, the following guidelines should be followed:
1
When naming cyclic aldehydes, the following guidelines should be followed:
1. Identify the longest continuous carbon chain that includes both the carbonyl group (aldehyde functional group – CHO) and the cyclic structure.
2. Number the carbons in the cyclic structure starting from the carbon that is closest to the aldehyde functional group. This carbon will be assigned the number 1, and the numbering should proceed in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.
3. If there are substituent groups attached to the cyclic structure, assign them numbers based on their positions along the carbon chain. If there are multiple substituents, assign numbers to the substituents in alphabetical order.
4. Use the numbering of the carbon chain to determine the location of the aldehyde functional group. The aldehyde carbon (the carbon attached to the oxygen atom) should be numbered as 1.
5. Combine the names of the cyclic structure and the aldehyde functional group, using appropriate prefixes and suffixes.
6. If there are multiple aldehyde groups in the molecule, use the prefix “di-” for two aldehydes, “tri-” for three, “tetra-” for four, and so on.
Let’s take an example:
Consider the cyclic aldehyde below:
H H
| |
H-C-C-C-C-H
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H H
In this molecule, we can see a 5-membered ring with one aldehyde group attached to it. We will start by numbering the carbons in the cyclic structure clockwise or counterclockwise.
We can number the carbons in the clockwise direction starting from the carbon closest to the aldehyde functional group as follows:
H H
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3-C-2-C-1-C-4-H
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H H
Since there are no substituent groups attached to the cyclic structure, we can proceed to name the aldehyde.
The aldehyde group is attached to the carbon labeled as 1. Therefore, the name of this cyclic aldehyde is “cyclopentanal.”
Remember to always follow the rules of IUPAC nomenclature when naming organic compounds.
More Answers:
Bromination Reactions: Understanding the Role of Bromine Radical (Br•) as the Key Free Radical SpeciesUnderstanding Free Radical Halogenation: The Initiation, Propagation, and Termination of a Radical Chain Reaction in Organic Chemistry
Introduction to Aldehyde Nomenclature and Methanal: IUPAC and Common Name for the Simplest Aldehyde