Autotroph
an organism forms nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.
An autotroph is an organism that can make its own food using external sources of energy. Autotrophs are also called primary producers as they produce organic compounds that serve as the basis of energy flow in ecosystems. These organisms are able to capture light energy from sunlight or chemical energy from inorganic compounds to carry out photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, respectively.
Autotrophs play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance as they form the basis of the food web. They convert inorganic molecules into organic compounds, which then serve as a food source for herbivores. These herbivores, in turn, serve as food for predators. The energy and nutrients stored in autotrophs are passed through the food chain to other organisms.
Examples of autotrophs include plants, algae, and some bacteria, such as cyanobacteria. Autotrophs are classified into two categories based on their source of energy – phototrophs and chemotrophs. Phototrophs obtain energy from sunlight and are able to carry out photosynthesis, while chemotrophs obtain energy through chemical reactions.
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