Carboxyl group
Carbon oxygen carbon linkage
The carboxyl group is a functional group consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydroxyl group (-COOH). It is often found in organic molecules such as amino acids, fatty acids, and organic acids.
The carboxyl group plays an important role in the chemistry of organic molecules. It is acidic in nature and can donate a hydrogen ion, H+, to form a carboxylate ion (-COO-). This property makes carboxyl groups important in the formation of salts and in acid-base reactions.
In addition to its acidic properties, the carboxyl group is also involved in various types of chemical reactions, such as esterification, amidation, and decarboxylation. Esterification involves the formation of an ester by the reaction of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol. Amidation involves the conversion of a carboxylic acid into an amide by the reaction with ammonia or an amine. Decarboxylation, on the other hand, involves the removal of the carboxyl group from a molecule, resulting in the loss of one carbon atom and the release of carbon dioxide.
Overall, the carboxyl group is an essential component in many organic molecules, contributing to their properties, reactivity, and functions.
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