The active site of an enzyme is the region that
is involved in the catalytic reaction of the enzyme
binds to the substrate molecule and facilitates a specific chemical reaction.
Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. The active site of an enzyme is typically a small crevice or pocket in the protein where the substrate molecule binds. The active site has a unique shape and chemical makeup that allows it to specifically recognize and bind to the substrate molecule, facilitating the chemical reaction.
Once the substrate molecule binds to the active site of the enzyme, the enzyme changes shape slightly, which facilitates the catalysis of the reaction. This usually results in the breaking of chemical bonds or the formation of new ones, ultimately leading to the production of a product molecule.
Many enzymes are highly specific and will only catalyze a particular reaction with a specific substrate. This specificity is due to the precise shape and chemical makeup of the active site, which only allows for the binding of certain molecules.
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