in _ diffusion, net movement of molecules progresses from regions of higher to lower concentration as a result of random thermal motion
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Diffusion is a process by which particles or molecules move from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration. This occurs as a result of random thermal motion, which causes the particles to move in all directions. However, the net movement of particles is always directed down the concentration gradient, from the region where there are more particles to the region where there are fewer particles.
At the molecular level, diffusion occurs because of the constant collisions between the particles. When a particle collides with another particle, there is a transfer of kinetic energy, which in turn causes the particles to move apart. As a result, particles in regions of higher concentration collide with particles in regions of lower concentration and move into those regions, causing the concentration gradient to even out.
Diffusion plays a vital role in many biological processes such as the exchange of gases in the lungs and the movement of nutrients and waste products across cell membranes. It is also essential in many physical and chemical processes, such as the process of osmosis, which is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
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