Genetics
The scientific study of heredity
1. What is genetics?
Genetics is the branch of biology that studies how traits are passed down from parents to offspring through genes. It involves the study of genes, DNA, and chromosomes, as well as how these genetic components influence the development of organisms.
2. What are genes?
Genes are hereditary units that are passed down from parents to offspring through the reproductive cells (gametes) such as sperm or eggs. They are made up of DNA and code for specific traits, such as eye color, hair color, or height.
3. What is DNA?
DNA is short for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a type of molecule found in all living things. It carries the genetic instructions that determine the traits of an organism and is found in the nucleus of cells.
4. What is a chromosome?
A chromosome is a structure made of DNA that contains many genes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes in each cell.
5. How are genetic traits inherited?
Genetic traits are inherited in different ways depending on the type of trait. Some traits are controlled by a single gene and are either dominant or recessive, while others are controlled by multiple genes and are influenced by environmental factors. Inheritance patterns can be predicted using Punnett squares, which show the possible combinations of alleles (genetic variations) that can be passed down from parents to offspring.
More Answers:
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Exploring Heredity: Principles of Genetic Transmission