Interneurons
Interposed between other neurons, do much of the computation in the brain.
Interneurons are neurons that serve as a communication between sensory neurons and motor neurons. They are found exclusively in the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
The function of interneurons is to process and transmit information between sensory and motor neurons. They receive signals from other neurons and integrate these signals to determine an appropriate response. Interneurons play a crucial role in regulating and coordinating neural activity.
Interneurons can be classified into three categories based on their roles in neural circuits: excitatory neurons, inhibitory neurons, and modulatory neurons. Excitatory interneurons increase the activity of downstream neurons, while inhibitory interneurons decrease their activity. Modulatory interneurons change the overall arousal or responsiveness of a neural circuit.
Interneurons are critical for many functions in the nervous system, including sensory perception, motor control, memory formation, and cognitive processes. Dysfunctional interneurons have been implicated in many neurological disorders, such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, and autism.
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