Dendrites
Receive nerve impulses from other neurone.5 – 100 microns in diameter
Dendrites are specialized structures of a neuron that receive signals or information from other neurons through their terminal buttons or axon terminals. They are the primary site for receiving signals and information, which are then transmitted to the cell body or soma of the neuron.
Dendrites are typically short, highly branched, and covered in numerous tiny projections called spines. These spines are critical for the process of synaptic transmission, which is the transfer of information from one neuron to another across the tiny gap called the synapse.
The dendrites’ size and shape are crucial for determining a neuron’s function, as they affect how effectively the neuron can receive and integrate signals. For example, neurons that specialize in processing visual information tend to have dendrites with larger surface areas and more complex branching patterns than neurons that don’t process visual information.
Dendrites are essential for the functioning of the nervous system, as they enable the transmission of information from one neuron to another. As such, any damage or dysfunction to dendrites can have severe consequences for brain function, including impaired learning, memory, and other cognitive functions.
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