Mitosis
division of the nucleus (containing chromosomes)
Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in the formation of two identical daughter cells from a single parent cell. Mitosis occurs in somatic or non-sex cells to maintain the same number of chromosomes in the daughter cells as in the parent cell.
There are four phases of mitosis – prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
In the prophase, the chromatin fibers condense and become visible as chromosomes. The nuclear envelope dissolves, and spindle fibers begin to form. The spindle fibers attach to the centromere of each chromosome and start to move them towards the center of the cell.
During the metaphase, the spindle fibers align the chromosomes at the center of the cell, in a line called the metaphase plate.
In the anaphase, the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell due to the pulling force of the spindle fibers.
In the telophase, the chromosomes reach the poles of the cell and begin to uncoil, forming chromatin. The nuclear envelope reforms around the chromosomes, and the spindle fibers disintegrate. Finally, two identical daughter cells are formed through cytokinesis.
The purpose of mitosis is to ensure the even distribution of genetic material in each daughter cell and maintain the chromosome number.
More Answers:
How Photosynthesis Powers Life on Earth: The Biological Process Behind Organic Compound Production and Oxygen ReleaseBasics of the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle: Phases and Processes Explained
Cytokinesis: The Critical Final Stage of the Cell Cycle for Proper Cell Growth and Development