Chromosome
a condensed strand of DNA that contains genes
A chromosome is a thread-like structure made up of DNA and proteins in the nucleus of a cell. They carry genetic information or genes that determine an individual’s heredity traits and characteristics. Chromosomes are organized into pairs, and humans have 23 pairs, making a total of 46 chromosomes in each cell. One chromosome in each pair comes from each parent. The characteristic shape of chromosomes is the result of coiling and compacting of long strands of DNA that are associated with histone and non-histone proteins. During cell division, chromosomes become visible under a microscope and can be studied to determine genetic abnormalities and disorders. In summary, chromosomes are a fundamental structure essential to the transfer of genetic information from one generation to another, and the study of chromosomes is critical in various fields, including genetic counseling, disease diagnosis, and research.
More Answers:
The Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium: Fundamentals of Population GeneticsThe Science of Traits: Inherited and Acquired Characteristics that Shape our Behavior and Personalities
The Fundamental Role of Genes: DNA Segments and their Impact on Physical Traits and Health