Alkanes
– First four alkanes are methane (CH4), Ethane (C2H6), Propane (C3H8), and Butane (C4H10)- single Bonded
Alkanes are a class of hydrocarbons that are composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. They are also known as saturated hydrocarbons because all of their carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds and are therefore saturated with hydrogen atoms.
Properties of alkanes:
1. Melting and boiling point: The boiling and melting points of alkanes increase with increasing molecular weight or size. This is due to the increased intermolecular forces of attraction as the molecules become larger.
2. Solubility: Alkanes are generally insoluble in water but are soluble in organic solvents such as benzene or hexane.
3. Density: Alkanes are less dense than water due to their low molecular weight.
4. Chemical reactivity: Alkanes are relatively unreactive and are stable under normal conditions. They can undergo combustion in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
Uses of alkanes:
1. Fuel: Alkanes are used as fuels for heating, cooking, and transportation. These hydrocarbons are also used as feedstocks for the production of synthetic fuels, such as gasoline and diesel.
2. Organic synthesis: Alkanes are commonly used as starting materials in organic synthesis for the production of a wide variety of chemicals, including plastics, detergents, and pharmaceuticals.
3. Lubricants: Alkanes can be used as lubricants due to their high molecular weight and low reactivity.
More Answers:
Exploring the Versatile Applications of Aldehydes in Pharmaceuticals, Agriculture, Cosmetics and MoreCarbonyl Group in Organic Chemistry: Properties and Reactivity
‘Properties, Uses and Health Hazards of Alcohols: A Comprehensive Guide’