Aldolase
Cleaves fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
Aldolase is a class of enzymes that is responsible for catalyzing the conversion of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (F1,6BP) into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GA3P) and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP). The aldolase enzyme is involved in the glycolytic pathway, which is one of the main pathways for the breakdown of glucose for energy production in the cell.
The aldolase enzyme belongs to the lyase class of enzymes, which means that it catalyzes the cleavage of chemical bonds without the use of water. Specifically, the aldolase enzyme cleaves a carbon-carbon bond in the F1,6BP molecule, resulting in the formation of two smaller molecules: one with three carbons (GA3P) and one with two carbons (DHAP).
There are three isoforms of aldolase known as aldolase A, aldolase B, and aldolase C, all of which differ in subcellular localization, tissue distribution, and enzymatic properties. Aldolase A is predominantly found in muscle tissue, aldolase B is mainly expressed in the liver and kidney, and aldolase C is found in the brain and nervous system.
Overall, the aldolase enzyme is a crucial player in the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the energy currency of the cell. Dysfunction in the aldolase enzyme can lead to metabolic disorders and diseases, such as hereditary fructose intolerance, which is caused by the deficiency of aldolase B.
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