respiratory system
A system of organs, functioning in the process of gas exchange between the body and the environment, consisting especially of the nose, nasal passages, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
The respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of gases between the body and the environment. It consists of the airways, lungs, and muscles involved in respiration.
Air is drawn through the nose or mouth and into the pharynx, where it enters the larynx and trachea. The trachea branches into two bronchi, which then subdivide into smaller bronchioles that eventually lead to the alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.
Oxygen from the air diffuses across the walls of the alveoli and into the bloodstream, where it is transported throughout the body to be used for cellular respiration. Carbon dioxide, a waste product of cellular respiration, diffuses from the blood into the alveoli to be exhaled.
The diaphragm and other muscles involved in breathing help to control the rate and depth of respiration.
Diseases or disorders of the respiratory system can cause difficulty breathing, decreased oxygenation of the body, and other health issues. Examples include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pneumonia.
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