Carbonyl group
– suffix al- Common names include * formaldehyde for methanal (R = H)* Acetyldehyde for ethanal ( R = CH3)* Propionaldehyde for propanal (R = CH3CH2)
The carbonyl group is a functional group consisting of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom (C=O). It is a highly polar group, which means that it is capable of participating in various reactions with reactive species.
The carbonyl group is found in many organic compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and amides. The presence of a carbonyl group confers several properties to these compounds, including high polarity, reactivity, and solubility in polar solvents.
In addition to its reactivity, the carbonyl group also exhibits certain chemical features. For example, the carbonyl group is acidic, and it can undergo nucleophilic addition reactions with nucleophiles. Additionally, compounds that contain a carbonyl group can be easily oxidized, reduced, or hydrolyzed.
Overall, the carbonyl group is a versatile functional group that plays a crucial role in many organic reactions and chemical processes. Its unique properties make it an important target in synthetic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and other fields of research.
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