Genes: The fundamental unit of heredity that determines physical traits and influences disease susceptibility

Gene

DNA sequence for protein

A gene is a specific sequence of DNA that contains the instructions for producing a particular trait or protein. It is the fundamental unit of heredity and is responsible for passing on traits from one generation to the next.

Genes are present in almost all living organisms and are typically arranged linearly along chromosomes. Each gene consists of a coding sequence that determines the sequence of amino acids that make up a specific protein. It also contains regulatory sequences that control the timing and level of gene expression.

Mutations or changes in genes can lead to the production of abnormal proteins or the loss of a protein’s function, which can result in a range of genetic disorders and diseases. Genes play a crucial role in everything from determining physical traits such as eye color and height to influencing susceptibility to certain diseases.

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