Which of these results from a Robertsonian translocation between chromosomes 21 and 14?
Down syndrome
Robertsonian translocations occur when two acrocentric chromosomes (chromosomes with very short p arms) fuse near their centromeres. Since chromosome 21 and 14 are both acrocentric chromosomes, they can undergo a Robertsonian translocation.
In the case of a Robertsonian translocation between chromosomes 21 and 14, the long arms of these chromosomes will be joined together to form a single chromosome. This fused chromosome will contain the genetic material from both chromosome 21 and 14. As a result, one of the resulting gametes will have an extra copy of chromosome 21, while the other gamete will be missing chromosome 21. Therefore, this translocation can result in Down syndrome (trisomy 21) if there is an extra copy of chromosome 21 in the fertilized egg.
So, the result of a Robertsonian translocation between chromosomes 21 and 14 can be the birth of a child with Down syndrome.
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