Transverse Colon: Location, Function, Characteristics, Diseases, and Diagnosis

Transverse colon

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The transverse colon is a part of the large intestine or colon that runs horizontally across the upper abdomen from right to left. It is the largest and most mobile part of the colon that takes up most of the upper abdominal cavity. Here are some facts about the transverse colon:

1. Location: The transverse colon is situated between the ascending colon and the descending colon. It starts at the right colic flexure, which is located at the junction of the ascending colon and the cecum, and ends at the left colic flexure, which is the junction between the transverse colon and the descending colon.

2. Function: The main function of the transverse colon is to reabsorb water and electrolytes from the remaining digested food before it is passed to the descending colon. It also helps to maintain the balance of gut flora and aids in the formation and elimination of feces.

3. Characteristics: The transverse colon has a muscular wall that contains longitudinal and circular muscle fibers. It is supported by the transverse mesocolon, which is a double layer of peritoneum that connects the colon to the back of the abdominal cavity.

4. Diseases: Some diseases that can affect the transverse colon include colon cancer, diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and infections caused by bacteria or parasites. Symptoms of transverse colon diseases may include abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, and rectal bleeding.

5. Diagnosis: Diagnostic procedures used to evaluate the transverse colon include colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, barium enema, and computed tomography (CT) scan. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include medication, dietary changes, or surgery.

Overall, the transverse colon plays an important role in the digestive process and any abnormalities or diseases affecting it can have a significant impact on a person’s health and well-being.

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