Neurohypophysis
Another name for the posterior pituitary
The neurohypophysis is a part of the pituitary gland that is composed of neural tissue and is responsible for the storage and secretion of hormones synthesized by the hypothalamus. The two primary hormones secreted by the neurohypophysis are oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin.
Oxytocin is involved in a variety of functions related to reproduction and social behavior. It stimulates uterine contractions during labor and delivery, and it also promotes milk ejection during lactation. Additionally, oxytocin plays a role in the formation and maintenance of social relationships, including pair bonding between romantic partners and maternal behavior towards infants.
ADH primarily regulates the body’s water balance by promoting the reabsorption of water in the kidneys, which helps to prevent dehydration. ADH also has other effects, such as vasoconstriction of blood vessels, which can increase blood pressure.
In summary, the neurohypophysis is an important component of the pituitary gland that stores and releases oxytocin and ADH. These hormones have diverse functions related to reproduction, social behavior, and water balance in the body.
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