Mohamed Abbas

Glutamic Acid: Exploring its Three Ionizable Groups

There are three ionizable groups (weak acids and/or bases) in glutamic acid. Label them on the structure below.

Explanation: Ionizable groups contain polar bonds between atoms with differences in electronegativity values greater than 0.4 while nonionizable groups contain covalent bonds between atoms with similar electronegativity values.

The three ionizable groups in glutamic acid are the carboxylic acid group (-COOH), the amino group (-NH2), and the side chain carboxylic acid group (-CH2-CH2-COOH).

Here is a labeled structure of glutamic acid:

H
|
H2N — C — COOH
|
R
|
COOH

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