Carbonyl group
– suffix al- Common names include * formaldehyde for methanal (R = H)* Acetyldehyde for ethanal ( R = CH3)* Propionaldehyde for propanal (R = CH3CH2)
The carbonyl group is a functional group in organic chemistry consisting of a carbon atom doubly bonded to an oxygen atom. The carbonyl group is a polar functional group that plays a significant role in numerous biological and chemical processes.
In organic compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters, the carbonyl group gives rise to several characteristic chemical reactions. For example, carbonyl compounds can undergo nucleophilic addition reactions in which the carbon-oxygen double bond is broken and replaced by a new bond to a nucleophile.
In addition to chemical reactivity, the carbonyl group is responsible for the physical properties of organic compounds. Due to its strong polarity, the carbonyl group imparts polar character to compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. This polarity makes these compounds more water-soluble and more readily able to form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules.
Overall, the carbonyl group is an important functional group in organic chemistry that plays a fundamental role in both chemical reactions and physical properties of organic compounds.
More Answers:
A Guide to Naming Cyclic Aldehydes: Rules and Examples with StructuresAldehydes and Ketones: Structure and Properties Explained
Exploring the Common Names and Applications of Aldehydes in Industrial and Laboratory Settings