zygomycetes
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Zygomycetes are a class of fungi that includes around 900 different species. They are characterized by the formation of a zygosporangium, which is a specialized structure that enables sexual reproduction between genetically diverse individuals.
Zygomycetes are found in a wide variety of habitats, including soil, water, and decaying organic matter. Some species are also parasitic, and can infect plants, animals, and even humans.
The life cycle of a zygomycete typically involves the production of asexual spores called sporangiospores, which are contained within a structure called a sporangium. These spores are disseminated to new areas, where they germinate and produce a new mycelium.
In sexual reproduction, two genetically distinct mycelia will come into contact, and fuse to form a dikaryotic mycelium. This mycelium will then produce a specialized structure called a zygosporangium, which contains two haploid nuclei that will eventually fuse to form a diploid zygote. This zygote will then divide through meiosis to produce genetically diverse offspring, which can be disseminated as sporangiospores.
Some common examples of zygomycetes include black bread mold (Rhizopus stolonifer), which is used in the production of Quorn and is a common contaminant of stored food products. Another example is the mycoparasitic fungus Arthrobotrys, which is known for its ability to capture and consume nematode worms.
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