Inferior Mesenteric Artery
Artery that supplies the distal half of the large intestine
The inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) is a major branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies oxygenated blood to the left side of the colon and rectum. The artery arises from the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta, around the level of the third or fourth lumbar vertebra.
The IMA is located posterior to the mesentery and anterior to the left psoas muscle. It courses downward anterior to the left renal vein and left common iliac vessels, and then passes through the transverse mesocolon to reach the descending colon. The artery divides into several branches that supply the descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum.
The inferior mesenteric artery plays a vital role in the digestive system, helping to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the lower part of the gastrointestinal tract. In the clinical setting, it is important for surgeons to consider the blood supply to the colon when planning surgical interventions. In some cases, blood flow to the IMA may be disrupted and lead to ischemia or even necrosis of the affected portion of the colon. This can have serious consequences and may require emergency intervention.
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