acid
a sour tasting substance that turns blue litmus paper red and has a pH less than 7
An acid is a molecule or ion that donates hydrogen ions (H+) to another molecule or ion. The presence of acids is characterized by their sour taste, ability to change the color of indicators, and the ability to react with bases to form salts and water. Acids have a pH value of less than 7.0 and are classified as strong or weak depending on their ability to donate H+ ions. Some common examples of acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), acetic acid (CH3COOH), and citric acid (C6H8O7). Acids have a wide range of applications, including in the production of fertilizers, food products, and in industrial processes. However, excessive exposure to acids can be harmful to living organisms and the environment.
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