Eukaryotes
Has a nucleus; (have membrane organelles, larger, complex); animals, plants, fungi, protista
Eukaryotes are organisms that have a cell nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles within their cells. This includes a variety of organisms such as fungi, plants, animals, and protists.
Eukaryotic cells are structurally more complex than prokaryotic cells, which lack a cell nucleus and other internal membrane-bound organelles. The nucleus of eukaryotic cells contains the genetic material, DNA, which is organized into multiple chromosomes. The DNA is protected by a nuclear membrane, which separates it from the cytoplasm.
Other organelles found within eukaryotic cells include mitochondria, which are responsible for energy production through cellular respiration; endoplasmic reticulum, which is involved in protein synthesis and lipid metabolism; Golgi apparatus, which modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for transport; and lysosomes, which contain enzymes to break down cellular waste.
Eukaryotic organisms are capable of more complex functions compared to prokaryotic organisms. For example, plants can photosynthesize, fungi can break down organic matter, and animals can carry out specialized functions such as vision, hearing, and movement.
In summary, eukaryotes are organisms with cells containing a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, which allows for more complex cellular processes and functions.
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