Alcohols
– contain Hydroxyl group (OH) – suffix ol or hydroxy if a higher priority group is present- Diols contain two hydroxyl groups. * Geminal: 2 Hydroxyl groups on the same carbon* Vicinal: on adjacent carbons
Alcohols are organic compounds that contain a hydroxyl (-OH) group attached to a carbon atom. They are formed by the reaction of an alkene with water in the presence of an acid catalyst.
Alcohols have a wide range of physical and chemical properties. They are polar molecules and can form hydrogen bonds, which gives them high boiling points and makes them soluble in water. The boiling point increases with increasing molecular weight and branching decreases the boiling point.
Alcohols are versatile chemicals with many applications in industry and daily life. They are used as solvents, fuel additives, antifreeze, and in personal hygiene products such as hand sanitizers and mouthwashes. They are also used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
Some alcohols, such as ethanol, are commonly consumed in alcoholic beverages. However, excessive consumption of alcohol can lead to harmful effects on the body, such as liver damage, impaired judgment, and addiction.
In addition, alcohols can undergo various chemical reactions, such as oxidation and dehydration. These reactions can be used to synthesize other organic compounds or to modify the properties of alcohols for certain applications.
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