What is test bias?
-Obtained measurement (test score) consistently over or under estimates the true value of the measurement for members of one group compared to members of another group-Leads to different meanings for scores in one group compared to scores in another group-Not at indv. level
Test bias refers to the presence of factors in the testing process that unfairly advantage or disadvantage certain individuals or groups. It is said to occur when some test items or procedures produce different results in scores across groups of test-takers, which cannot be explained by differences in ability, motivation or any other characteristics being measured.
Bias can arise from a variety of sources such as cultural or experiential factors that influence an individual’s performance or familiarity with the content or structure of the test. It can also emerge from the way a test is constructed, administered or scored.
Test bias can have serious implications for the fairness and validity of test scores, particularly when used for making important decisions related to education, placement, or employment. Therefore, it is important for test developers and administrators to actively identify and eliminate sources of bias in testing materials and procedures.
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