sensory receptors
specialized cells that detect stimuli and convert their energy into neural impulses
Sensory receptors are specialized cells or organs that detect and respond to various stimuli from the external environment or within the body. There are five main types of sensory receptors: photoreceptors, chemoreceptors, thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, and nociceptors.
Photoreceptors are found in the retina of the eye and respond to light stimuli, enabling vision. Chemoreceptors are responsible for detecting changes in chemicals or chemical composition and are found in the nose and tongue. Thermoreceptors are located in the skin and respond to temperature changes. Mechanoreceptors detect mechanical changes, such as pressure, tension, and vibration, and are found in the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints. Nociceptors are responsible for detecting pain and are found throughout the body.
All of these sensory receptors work together to allow us to perceive our environment and respond appropriately. The information gathered by these receptors is transmitted to the brain through sensory nerves, where it is processed and interpreted, leading to a response.
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