Rutherford B. Hayes
Republican President who wanted reform; used his cabinet to stop corruption.
Rutherford B. Hayes was the 19th President of the United States, serving from 1877 to 1881. He was born on October 4, 1822, in Delaware, Ohio and graduated from Kenyon College in 1842.
Before he became President, Hayes served as a lawyer, member of the U.S. House of Representatives, and Governor of Ohio. He was elected to the presidency in a highly disputed and controversial election against Samuel J. Tilden in 1876.
Hayes’ presidency is known for his efforts to reform and modernize the civil service system, with the creation of a Civil Service Commission to oversee hiring practices and reduce the amount of political patronage. He also worked to improve education and labor conditions while maintaining a policy of financial conservatism.
One of the most notable events during Hayes’ time in office was the end of Reconstruction, the period of rebuilding and re-establishing government in the southern states after the Civil War. Hayes removed the last federal troops from the South, which allowed for the reinstatement of white rule and the eventual rise of Jim Crow laws and segregation.
Hayes chose not to seek re-election in 1880 and retired to his home in Fremont, Ohio. He passed away on January 17, 1893, at the age of 70.
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