Logic
the study of formal reasoning
Logic is a branch of philosophy and mathematics concerned with reasoning and rational thinking. It involves the use of systematic methods to arrive at correct and valid conclusions based on given premises or assumptions. Logic is commonly divided into two main areas of study: deductive logic and inductive logic.
Deductive logic involves reasoning from general principles or premises to specific conclusions. It is often used in mathematics and in formal argumentation, and it aims to arrive at a logically certain conclusion. For example, if we know that all humans are mortal and Socrates is a human, we can logically deduce that Socrates is mortal.
Inductive logic involves reasoning from specific observations or examples to make generalizations or hypotheses. It is often used in science and social sciences to arrive at probable, but not certain, conclusions. For example, if we observe that all the ravens we have seen are black, we may tentatively conclude that all ravens are black.
Logic is an important tool in many different fields, including mathematics, science, philosophy, computer science, linguistics, and law. It helps us to think critically, to identify and correct fallacious reasoning, and to arrive at correct conclusions based on evidence and reasoning.
More Answers:
Mastering the Basics of Logical Operations: A Guide to Using AND, OR, and NOT in ProgrammingMastering Compound Propositions for Effective Communication and Logical Analysis in Math
Understanding Propositions: The Basic Unit of Meaning in Logic.